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beryllium nitrite is an odorless, white to slightly yellow powder used as a chemical reagent and in refining beryllium ores. It is also used as a gas mantle hardener and in the manufacture of acetylene lampshades.
DOT Emergency Guidelines for BERYLLIUM NITRATE
Inhalation of beryllium nitrate dust may cause chemical pneumonitis and lung damage. Ingestion of beryllium nitrate, especially through the skin, can produce ulceration and burns. Exposure to fumes can cause headache, fatigue, cough and fever. The OSHA PEL and ACGIH TLV are set at 2 ug/cu m.
Occupational exposure to beryllium nitrate is considered a major occupational hazard. It is a known carcinogen, and can be lethal when inhaled or ingested in large quantities.
Maternal Toxicity:
In pregnant rats, beryllium nitrate administration produced reductions in body weight, fetal weight and number of implantation sites; disturbed uterine activity; a disturbed sex ratio; reduced number of corpora lutea and post-implantation loss of the fetus. Among the various parameters analyzed, serum aspartate aminotransaminase, alanine aminotransaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, bilirubin, creatinine and urea levels were altered significantly.
Kidney and Lung Toxicity:
The concentration of beryllium nitrate in liver, kidney and serum was increased in all the rat models of experimental beryllium intoxication causing significant alterations in the activity of CYP-450 system, microsomal lipid peroxidation, protein, alkaline phosphatase, adenosine triphosphatase, glucose-6-phosphatase and succinic dehydrogenase; cholesterol; glycogen contents; triglycerides, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and hepatic lipid peroxidation; glutathione and histopathology of liver and kidney showed severe alterations after prolonged beryllium exposure. Treatment with Tiron and calcium disodium EDTA significantly restored the hepatic beryllium content, triglycerides and glycogen contents to normal and lowered the activity of acid phosphatase, alkaline and glucose-6-phosphatase, hepatic lipid peroxidation and hepatocyte alkaline phosphatase to the same levels as those of control.