Introduction to Magnesium Boride Magnesium Boride Powder MgB2 Magnesium diboride Magnesium boride, chemical form MgB2, an ionic substance with a hexagonal structure is magnesium boride.
It is an intercalated mixture that has alternating layers containing boron and magnesium. The triangular structure for the magnesium atomic layers is identical to graphite. However, the hexagonal honeycomb structure for boron atomic layers is much more common.
Magnesium Diboride is a hard, brittle substance that has poor ductility.

Magnesium Diboride Magnesium MgB2 Powder has superconductivity
Researchers discovered in 2001, that the seemingly ordinary magnesium boride can be transformed into a superconductor at temperatures close to 40K (-233°C). Its transition temperatures are almost twice those of other superconductors similar to it, while its actual operating temperatures range from 20-30K. Liquid neon, liquid hydrogen or closed circulating freeze can cool down the temperature. These methods are more cost-effective and simple than industrial cooling of niobium alloys (4K) using liquid helium.
Magnesium Boride can be doped with carbon, or other impurities to maintain superconductivity when subjected to a magnetic field. There are many potential applications for superconducting magnets. Power transmission lines and sensitive magnetic field detectors are also possible.

Magnesium Boride Magnesium Boride Powder Properties
Other Names	Magnesium boride powder MgB2
No.	12007-25-9
Formula compound	MgB2
Molecular Weight	45.927
Appearance	From gray to black powder
Melting Point	830degC
Boiling Point	N/A
Density	2.57g/cm3
Solubility of H2O	N/A
Exact Mass	46.003653

Magnesium Boride Magnesium B2 Powder Applications
Superconductors:
Magnesium diboride is attractive because of its superconducting properties and low price. MgB2 powder can be used to compress the wire with silver (or 316 stainless) or through a powder in tube method to make tapes.
In superconducting cavities with rf cavities, thin coatings are possible to reduce energy loss and improve the efficiency of liquid helium cool niobium.
MgB2 can be used because of the low cost of its parts in superconducting medium magnets and low field generators, fault current limiters, current leads, motors and generators.

Propellants, explosives, fireworks:
The element boron burns in part through a glassy layer of oxide that hinders oxygen diffusion. However, magnesium diboride ignites fully when it is inhaled in oxygen or mixed with an oxidant. As a ramjet fuel, magnesium boride is being considered. MgB2 has also been suggested for explosive-enhanced explosions and propellants. It was recently demonstrated that decoy flares containing magnesium diboride/PTFE/FLUORO rubber improved spectral efficiency by 30-60% compared to classic magnesium/Teflon/fluororubber (MTV) payloads. In rocket propulsion, magnesium diboride was used to enhance combustion characteristics and mechanical properties.

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